The document provides instructions on installing Linux, including collecting hardware information before installing, preparing disk partitions, installing from a CD-ROM, and basic package management tools for installing, upgrading, and removing software.
Linux can be downloaded for free from the internet with no registration fees or costs. It was created by Linus Torvalds as a freely available version of UNIX. Installing Linux involves checking hardware compatibility, repartitioning disks if needed, and booting from an installation CD or floppy disks. Basic installation kits include README files, boot disk images, and packages for common software. Configuring Linux allows customizing settings like installing additional software repositories. Common Linux commands allow navigating and managing the file system and permissions. Uninstalling Linux mainly involves removing it from the boot loader menu rather than deleting its files.
Linux can be downloaded for free and was created to be an open source version of UNIX; it discusses how to install Linux by booting from a CD-ROM or making installation floppies, and then explains how to configure aspects of Linux like software installation and permissions. The document also provides an overview of common Linux commands for navigating and managing the file system, copying/moving files, and uninstalling a Linux operating system by removing it from the boot loader menu.
The document provides information on installing and configuring boot loaders in Linux. It discusses the LILO and GRUB boot loaders. With LILO, the /etc/lilo.conf file is used to configure installation locations and boot options. GRUB uses /boot/grub/menu.lst to configure boot entries, timeouts, and default options. Both loaders allow booting multiple operating systems by defining image entries for each one.
The document provides instructions on installing Linux including collecting hardware information beforehand, preparing disk partitions, installing from a CD-ROM, installing additional packages, and basic Linux commands. It also discusses uninstalling software using the synaptic graphical tool or apt-get command line tool and describes common Linux commands like mkdir, cd, ls, cp and their usage.
This document discusses the Linux boot process, including:
1) The boot sequence starts with the BIOS initializing and loading the boot loader like GRUB or LILO.
2) The boot loader loads the Linux kernel and initiates the kernel initialization process.
3) Once loaded, the kernel mounts the root file system and launches the init process to start system services and bring the system to the desired run level.
This document provides a quick reference guide for Linux security that includes definitions of common security terms, general security tips, and Linux security resources. It defines terms like buffer overflow, cryptography, denial of service, and port scanning. It offers tips such as using automatic package managers to update software, configuring firewalls and intrusion detection, and enforcing strong password policies. The document also lists various security-related websites, books, and open source tools that can aid in hardening Linux systems.
This document provides a summary of useful Linux commands for starting and stopping the system, accessing and mounting file systems, finding files and text, moving, copying, deleting, and viewing files, installing software, user administration, and the X Window System. It lists commands such as shutdown, halt, reboot, mount, umount, find, locate, updatedb, which, grep, ls, rpm, tar, adduser, passwd, su, and exit along with brief explanations of their functions.
linux-commandline-magic-Joomla-World-Conference-2014Peter Martin
The Linux command line is a powerful tool. The majority of webservers run on Linux/Unix. Some hosting companies offer SSH access to their hosting environment. Via SSH you can login and use the Linux command line.
In this presentation, Peter will show you some time-saving command line commands that you can use for certain tasks on your Joomla websites:
some basic SSH command line commands
Analyzing & recovering a hacked website
Backup a website or move it to another server
Finding unused files
Setting up a test environment
Linux can be downloaded for free from the internet with no registration fees or costs. It was created by Linus Torvalds as a freely available version of UNIX. Installing Linux involves checking hardware compatibility, repartitioning disks if needed, and booting from an installation CD or floppy disks. Basic installation kits include README files, boot disk images, and packages for common software. Configuring Linux allows customizing settings like installing additional software repositories. Common Linux commands allow navigating and managing the file system and permissions. Uninstalling Linux mainly involves removing it from the boot loader menu rather than deleting its files.
Linux can be downloaded for free and was created to be an open source version of UNIX; it discusses how to install Linux by booting from a CD-ROM or making installation floppies, and then explains how to configure aspects of Linux like software installation and permissions. The document also provides an overview of common Linux commands for navigating and managing the file system, copying/moving files, and uninstalling a Linux operating system by removing it from the boot loader menu.
The document provides information on installing and configuring boot loaders in Linux. It discusses the LILO and GRUB boot loaders. With LILO, the /etc/lilo.conf file is used to configure installation locations and boot options. GRUB uses /boot/grub/menu.lst to configure boot entries, timeouts, and default options. Both loaders allow booting multiple operating systems by defining image entries for each one.
The document provides instructions on installing Linux including collecting hardware information beforehand, preparing disk partitions, installing from a CD-ROM, installing additional packages, and basic Linux commands. It also discusses uninstalling software using the synaptic graphical tool or apt-get command line tool and describes common Linux commands like mkdir, cd, ls, cp and their usage.
This document discusses the Linux boot process, including:
1) The boot sequence starts with the BIOS initializing and loading the boot loader like GRUB or LILO.
2) The boot loader loads the Linux kernel and initiates the kernel initialization process.
3) Once loaded, the kernel mounts the root file system and launches the init process to start system services and bring the system to the desired run level.
This document provides a quick reference guide for Linux security that includes definitions of common security terms, general security tips, and Linux security resources. It defines terms like buffer overflow, cryptography, denial of service, and port scanning. It offers tips such as using automatic package managers to update software, configuring firewalls and intrusion detection, and enforcing strong password policies. The document also lists various security-related websites, books, and open source tools that can aid in hardening Linux systems.
This document provides a summary of useful Linux commands for starting and stopping the system, accessing and mounting file systems, finding files and text, moving, copying, deleting, and viewing files, installing software, user administration, and the X Window System. It lists commands such as shutdown, halt, reboot, mount, umount, find, locate, updatedb, which, grep, ls, rpm, tar, adduser, passwd, su, and exit along with brief explanations of their functions.
linux-commandline-magic-Joomla-World-Conference-2014Peter Martin
The Linux command line is a powerful tool. The majority of webservers run on Linux/Unix. Some hosting companies offer SSH access to their hosting environment. Via SSH you can login and use the Linux command line.
In this presentation, Peter will show you some time-saving command line commands that you can use for certain tasks on your Joomla websites:
some basic SSH command line commands
Analyzing & recovering a hacked website
Backup a website or move it to another server
Finding unused files
Setting up a test environment
Linux is a free Unix-type operating system created by Linus Torvalds. This document provides instructions on installing Linux on a USB drive including downloading required files, formatting the USB drive, copying installation files, and making the USB drive bootable. It also summarizes common Linux commands like useradd, userdel, groupadd, ls, cat, kill, and their usage.
The document discusses building a custom Linux kernel from source. It describes downloading kernel source code for Fedora or RHEL, installing dependencies and prepping the source code. It explains how to replace an existing custom kernel configuration, use make oldconfig to carry over existing options, and customize the kernel using make menuconfig, make gconfig or make config. Building the kernel produces files in directories under ~/rpmbuild after compiling.
Open Source Backup Conference 2014: Rear, by Ralf DannertNETWAYS
ReaR(Relax and Recover) is delivered as part of the SUSE Linux High Availability Extension.
We show -by way of example- how corporations integrate ReaR during Preparation, Testing and Recovery as buildingblock of their disaster recovery strategy.In the technical part we will highlight the AutoYaST/YaST integration with rear-suse.
We will also investigate some of the adaptations, that had to be done to make ReaR work with upcoming SLES12, that will include systemd and grub2 to be able to automatically recover btrfs subvolumes.
Linux is an open source operating system initially created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It has since grown significantly with hundreds of companies and individuals developing their own versions based on the Linux kernel. The kernel is developed under the GNU GPL license and its source code is freely available. Basic Linux commands allow users to navigate directories, manage files and permissions, transfer files, and get system information. More advanced commands provide additional control and functionality.
Advanced Level Training on Koha / TLS (ToT)Ata Rehman
Advanced Level Training on Koha / Total Library Solution - TLS - (ToT), December 4-8, 2017 – PASTIC, Islamabad
All training material provided during this training can be found at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hwWGHV1iHgcpjK_tw6-Xgf-ZVUPchIS_
This document provides information about the objectives for a Junior Level Linux Certification exam, with a focus on determining and configuring hardware settings. It discusses key areas like enabling/disabling peripherals, configuring systems with or without external devices, differentiating mass storage types, and setting correct hardware IDs. It also covers tools for listing hardware information like lsusb and lspci, and concepts around sysfs, udev, hald and dbus.
This document provides a summary of Linux system administration files and commands. It lists important configuration files such as /etc/passwd for user accounts, /etc/group for groups, and /etc/fstab for mounted filesystems. It also outlines commands for common system tasks like user management, networking, printing, and sendmail configuration.
The e-book covers some of the really cool ways on how to go about using Linux from Terminal making your daily work much more efficient, less time consuming and of course geeky.
The document discusses disk partitioning and file systems in Unix/Linux systems. It covers topics such as how disks are divided into partitions, common file system types like EXT2, FAT, NTFS, and UFS. It explains how to select file system types, create new partitions using fdisk, format partitions with mkfs, choose mount points, and mount partitions. Directories and typical directory structures are also summarized.
This document provides instructions on installing and configuring the LAMP stack on Linux. It discusses downloading and installing Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP. It explains how to partition disks for installation, set up virtual hosts, and configure Apache's configuration files and ports. The key steps are downloading Linux distributions, burning ISO images, partitioning disks, selecting packages during installation, configuring Apache's files, ports, and virtual hosts.
Part 4 of 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics': Managing data Joachim Jacob
This is part 4 of the training session 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics'. We shows basics of data management, and tips for handling big data effectively. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
Part 6 of "Introduction to linux for bioinformatics": Productivity tipsJoachim Jacob
This is part 6 of the training "Introduction to linux for bioinformatics". Here we show basic tips to become rapidly more efficient on the command line. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system and commands. It begins with course objectives to introduce Unix concepts, commands, and the VI editor. It then discusses what an operating system is and why they are needed before exploring the evolution, flavors, and architecture of Unix/Linux. Key topics covered include the file system structure, absolute vs relative paths, how Unix sessions work, login sequences, command syntax, and standard input/output/error. The document also examines regular expressions, shell metacharacters, editors like VI, and permissions.
The document provides an overview of common Linux commands organized into categories, with brief explanations of each command. It covers commands for working with files and directories (ls, cd, cp, rm), processes (ps, top, kill), networking (ping, ifconfig), file archiving and compression (tar, gzip), and more. It also lists important directories in the Linux file system such as /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, and directories under /usr.
The document provides summaries of common Linux commands, including their most common uses. Some key commands covered are ls, which lists files and directories; cd, which changes the current working directory; and man, which displays manuals for commands. The document also discusses commands for checking network connectivity like ping and ifconfig, managing processes like top and ps, and manipulating files and directories like touch, rm, and chmod.
The document discusses different types of optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-Rays. It describes their key specifications including capacity, primary uses, and comparisons of formats. It also covers the technical aspects of how these discs work by using microscopic pits to store data as binary bits, as well as how discs are burned or commercially produced.
RPM (RPM Package Manager) is a package management system that can install, uninstall, upgrade, query, and verify software packages. It uses an RPM database to track installed packages and dependencies. RPM forms the basis for the yum package manager. The rpm command can be used to install, query, upgrade, remove packages. It handles dependencies and tracks files and metadata for packages.
This document provides a tutorial on Unix/Linux. It begins with an overview of the Unix system including the kernel, shell, multi-user and multi-process capabilities, and important directory structures. It then covers basic commands, relative and absolute paths, redirecting and piping output, permissions, process management, installing software, text editors, running jobs in the foreground and background, and remote login/file transfer. The goal is to introduce fundamental Unix concepts and commands to new users.
101 4.2 maintain the integrity of filesystemsAcácio Oliveira
The document discusses maintaining the integrity of Linux filesystems. It covers using tools like fsck, e2fsck, debugfs, tune2fs, du, and df to check filesystems for errors, monitor free space and inodes, and repair simple filesystem issues. Specific examples are provided on checking filesystems by device path, label, or UUID. It also addresses errors that may occur when checking mounted filesystems and describes using tune2fs to view block counts and filesystem journaling status.
Tar is used to archive and compress files and directories in Linux. It can be installed using yum or apt-get depending on the distribution. Tar creates archives with options like c for create and z for gzip compression. The split and cat commands can be used to split large tar files into parts and combine them. Sed is used for text editing and search/replace tasks in files. The useradd and group commands are used for user and group management like creating, modifying, and deleting users and groups.
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. It discusses that Linux is an open-source operating system that provides a structured file system, multi-user capabilities, and strong security. It describes the Linux file structure with directories like /bin, /boot, /dev, /etc, and explains commands to view processes, manage users and files, and install packages. Network services like Apache web server, OpenSSH, and FTP are also summarized.
Linux is an open-source operating system used widely for servers and can also be installed on desktops and embedded devices. It uses a modular kernel called Linux and source code is freely available under licenses like GPL. Common Linux distributions include Red Hat, Debian, Ubuntu and others. The Apache web server is widely used open-source software that helped popularize the World Wide Web and can be configured using directives in configuration files.
Linux is a free Unix-type operating system created by Linus Torvalds. This document provides instructions on installing Linux on a USB drive including downloading required files, formatting the USB drive, copying installation files, and making the USB drive bootable. It also summarizes common Linux commands like useradd, userdel, groupadd, ls, cat, kill, and their usage.
The document discusses building a custom Linux kernel from source. It describes downloading kernel source code for Fedora or RHEL, installing dependencies and prepping the source code. It explains how to replace an existing custom kernel configuration, use make oldconfig to carry over existing options, and customize the kernel using make menuconfig, make gconfig or make config. Building the kernel produces files in directories under ~/rpmbuild after compiling.
Open Source Backup Conference 2014: Rear, by Ralf DannertNETWAYS
ReaR(Relax and Recover) is delivered as part of the SUSE Linux High Availability Extension.
We show -by way of example- how corporations integrate ReaR during Preparation, Testing and Recovery as buildingblock of their disaster recovery strategy.In the technical part we will highlight the AutoYaST/YaST integration with rear-suse.
We will also investigate some of the adaptations, that had to be done to make ReaR work with upcoming SLES12, that will include systemd and grub2 to be able to automatically recover btrfs subvolumes.
Linux is an open source operating system initially created by Linus Torvalds in 1991. It has since grown significantly with hundreds of companies and individuals developing their own versions based on the Linux kernel. The kernel is developed under the GNU GPL license and its source code is freely available. Basic Linux commands allow users to navigate directories, manage files and permissions, transfer files, and get system information. More advanced commands provide additional control and functionality.
Advanced Level Training on Koha / TLS (ToT)Ata Rehman
Advanced Level Training on Koha / Total Library Solution - TLS - (ToT), December 4-8, 2017 – PASTIC, Islamabad
All training material provided during this training can be found at: https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1hwWGHV1iHgcpjK_tw6-Xgf-ZVUPchIS_
This document provides information about the objectives for a Junior Level Linux Certification exam, with a focus on determining and configuring hardware settings. It discusses key areas like enabling/disabling peripherals, configuring systems with or without external devices, differentiating mass storage types, and setting correct hardware IDs. It also covers tools for listing hardware information like lsusb and lspci, and concepts around sysfs, udev, hald and dbus.
This document provides a summary of Linux system administration files and commands. It lists important configuration files such as /etc/passwd for user accounts, /etc/group for groups, and /etc/fstab for mounted filesystems. It also outlines commands for common system tasks like user management, networking, printing, and sendmail configuration.
The e-book covers some of the really cool ways on how to go about using Linux from Terminal making your daily work much more efficient, less time consuming and of course geeky.
The document discusses disk partitioning and file systems in Unix/Linux systems. It covers topics such as how disks are divided into partitions, common file system types like EXT2, FAT, NTFS, and UFS. It explains how to select file system types, create new partitions using fdisk, format partitions with mkfs, choose mount points, and mount partitions. Directories and typical directory structures are also summarized.
This document provides instructions on installing and configuring the LAMP stack on Linux. It discusses downloading and installing Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP. It explains how to partition disks for installation, set up virtual hosts, and configure Apache's configuration files and ports. The key steps are downloading Linux distributions, burning ISO images, partitioning disks, selecting packages during installation, configuring Apache's files, ports, and virtual hosts.
Part 4 of 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics': Managing data Joachim Jacob
This is part 4 of the training session 'Introduction to Linux for bioinformatics'. We shows basics of data management, and tips for handling big data effectively. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
Part 6 of "Introduction to linux for bioinformatics": Productivity tipsJoachim Jacob
This is part 6 of the training "Introduction to linux for bioinformatics". Here we show basic tips to become rapidly more efficient on the command line. Interested in following this training session? Please contact me at http://www.jakonix.be/contact.html
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system and commands. It begins with course objectives to introduce Unix concepts, commands, and the VI editor. It then discusses what an operating system is and why they are needed before exploring the evolution, flavors, and architecture of Unix/Linux. Key topics covered include the file system structure, absolute vs relative paths, how Unix sessions work, login sequences, command syntax, and standard input/output/error. The document also examines regular expressions, shell metacharacters, editors like VI, and permissions.
The document provides an overview of common Linux commands organized into categories, with brief explanations of each command. It covers commands for working with files and directories (ls, cd, cp, rm), processes (ps, top, kill), networking (ping, ifconfig), file archiving and compression (tar, gzip), and more. It also lists important directories in the Linux file system such as /bin, /usr/bin, /etc, and directories under /usr.
The document provides summaries of common Linux commands, including their most common uses. Some key commands covered are ls, which lists files and directories; cd, which changes the current working directory; and man, which displays manuals for commands. The document also discusses commands for checking network connectivity like ping and ifconfig, managing processes like top and ps, and manipulating files and directories like touch, rm, and chmod.
The document discusses different types of optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-Rays. It describes their key specifications including capacity, primary uses, and comparisons of formats. It also covers the technical aspects of how these discs work by using microscopic pits to store data as binary bits, as well as how discs are burned or commercially produced.
RPM (RPM Package Manager) is a package management system that can install, uninstall, upgrade, query, and verify software packages. It uses an RPM database to track installed packages and dependencies. RPM forms the basis for the yum package manager. The rpm command can be used to install, query, upgrade, remove packages. It handles dependencies and tracks files and metadata for packages.
This document provides a tutorial on Unix/Linux. It begins with an overview of the Unix system including the kernel, shell, multi-user and multi-process capabilities, and important directory structures. It then covers basic commands, relative and absolute paths, redirecting and piping output, permissions, process management, installing software, text editors, running jobs in the foreground and background, and remote login/file transfer. The goal is to introduce fundamental Unix concepts and commands to new users.
101 4.2 maintain the integrity of filesystemsAcácio Oliveira
The document discusses maintaining the integrity of Linux filesystems. It covers using tools like fsck, e2fsck, debugfs, tune2fs, du, and df to check filesystems for errors, monitor free space and inodes, and repair simple filesystem issues. Specific examples are provided on checking filesystems by device path, label, or UUID. It also addresses errors that may occur when checking mounted filesystems and describes using tune2fs to view block counts and filesystem journaling status.
Tar is used to archive and compress files and directories in Linux. It can be installed using yum or apt-get depending on the distribution. Tar creates archives with options like c for create and z for gzip compression. The split and cat commands can be used to split large tar files into parts and combine them. Sed is used for text editing and search/replace tasks in files. The useradd and group commands are used for user and group management like creating, modifying, and deleting users and groups.
This document provides an overview of the Linux operating system. It discusses that Linux is an open-source operating system that provides a structured file system, multi-user capabilities, and strong security. It describes the Linux file structure with directories like /bin, /boot, /dev, /etc, and explains commands to view processes, manage users and files, and install packages. Network services like Apache web server, OpenSSH, and FTP are also summarized.
Linux is an open-source operating system used widely for servers and can also be installed on desktops and embedded devices. It uses a modular kernel called Linux and source code is freely available under licenses like GPL. Common Linux distributions include Red Hat, Debian, Ubuntu and others. The Apache web server is widely used open-source software that helped popularize the World Wide Web and can be configured using directives in configuration files.
This document provides an overview and introduction to basic Linux commands and directories for CAD beginners. It discusses the root and home directories, common commands like ls, cd, pwd, and man. It also covers file permissions and the .bashrc file, text editors like vi, the grep command, secure sharing with ssh and scp, compression with zip and tar, installing software from repositories or from source code, and Python package management with pip.
The document describes the standard Linux filesystem hierarchy, including the purpose and some examples of the contents of the top-level directories like /bin, /boot, /dev, /etc, /home, /lib, /media, /mnt, /opt, /proc, /root, /sbin, /usr, and /var. Many directories contain essential system files and programs needed for booting, administration, and operation of the system, while others provide variable storage and mounting points for removable devices. The filesystem layout separates core operating system, user, and variable files for security and manageability.
This document provides a summary of useful Linux commands organized into categories such as starting and stopping processes, accessing and mounting file systems, finding files, moving and copying files, installing software, user administration, printing, and configuration files. It includes brief descriptions of common commands like shutdown, mount, ls, find, rpm, adduser, lpr, and files like /etc/fstab, /etc/profile, and /etc/X11/XF86Config that configure system settings. The document is intended to serve as a one page reference for Linux users.
This document provides a summary of useful Linux commands organized into categories such as starting and stopping processes, accessing and mounting file systems, finding files, moving and copying files, installing software, user administration, printing, and configuration files. It includes brief descriptions of common commands like shutdown, mount, ls, find, rpm, adduser, lpr, and files like /etc/fstab, /etc/profile, and /etc/X11/XF86Config that configure system settings. The document is intended to serve as a one page reference for Linux users.
Linux is a free, open-source operating system that provides functionality similar to Unix systems. The document then lists and describes several common Linux commands used to navigate directories, view files and system information, manage processes, and edit text files. It also includes a diagram of the standard Linux directory structure and brief descriptions of the purpose of each top-level directory.
Installing and managing Linux software involves working with software packages in various formats. The main types are binary packages, which contain pre-compiled software, and source code packages, which contain the source code that needs to be compiled. Package management systems like RPM and APT automate the installation, updating, and removal of packages and their dependencies. Commands like yum, apt, and dpkg can be used to install packages, while tar is used to extract source code which then needs to be compiled before use.
The document discusses various topics related to software installation and system administration on Unix systems:
1) It describes different methods of software installation such as binary distributions, RPM packages, and compiling from source code. It also discusses using the RPM command line tools.
2) It provides instructions for installing specific software packages like tcpdump and ssh using the RPM package manager and compiling from source code.
3) It discusses the Unix boot process, including run levels and the roles of the kernel, init process, and rc scripts in booting into different system states.
Linux is a widely used open-source operating system that can run on desktops, servers, and embedded devices. It includes basic commands like cal, date, cd, and cat. The document also provides overviews of installing and configuring the Apache web server, PHP, and MySQL to set up a basic LAMP stack on a Linux system.
Power point on linux commands,appache,php,mysql,html,css,web 2.0venkatakrishnan k
Linux is a widely used open-source operating system that can run on desktops, servers, and embedded devices. The document provides basic commands for Linux like cal to view a calendar, date to check the date and time, and cd to change directories. It also gives an overview of installing and configuring web servers like Apache and PHP as well as databases like MySQL on a Linux system.
The document discusses various topics related to Unix system administration including device files, block and character devices, major and minor numbers, the Unix file system structure, partitions, file systems, inodes, mounting and unmounting file systems, disk space usage commands, compression tools, printing files, file system checking, user management commands, the role of init in startup and shutdown, run levels, and backup tools. Some key points include:
1. Device files allow all physical devices like tapes, printers, disks to be accessed as normal files.
2. Block and character devices are distinguished based on whether access is via blocks (block devices) or directly (character devices).
3. Major and minor numbers help the
This presentation will provide the information about the Linux Root File systems and its hierarchy. So any technocrate who is willing to gain info about root files of Linux can easily understand . preffered for Embedded system design Students who are pursuing diploma courses in various CDAC centers.
This document discusses disk and file system concepts including:
- Creating file systems using newfs and how it connects to mkfs
- Mounting file systems manually, via fstab, and using volume manager
- Identifying mounted file systems using mount, df, and mnttab
- Repairing file systems using fsck and handling recoverable vs unrecoverable damage
- Benefits of journaling file systems like reduced reboot time and data retention
The document provides instructions for installing, configuring, and uninstalling Linux. It recommends downloading Ubuntu Linux and describes the installation process, including partitioning disks, creating user accounts, selecting display resolutions, and configuring apt-get. Common Linux commands like tar, gzip, configure, make, and make install are explained in the context of installing software packages from source code. Uninstalling Linux simply means removing it from the bootloader menu.
This program implements the First Come First Serve (FCFS) CPU scheduling algorithm in C. It takes the arrival time and service time of each process as input, calculates the start time, finish time, waiting time and turnaround time of each process, and outputs these values along with the average waiting time and average turnaround time. The processes are scheduled in the order of their arrival, with no preemption, following the FCFS principle.
This document provides an overview of experiments to be conducted in an Operating Systems lab. It includes:
1. 11 experiments covering Linux commands, vi editor, CPU scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Priority, Round Robin), the Banker's deadlock avoidance algorithm, page replacement algorithms (FIFO, LRU), and disk scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SSTF).
2. Hardware and software requirements for the lab including a 700MHz processor, 512MB RAM, 5GB hard drive space, VGA display, CD/DVD drive, and Ubuntu/Windows OS with Turbo C++ compiler.
3. The objectives of the lab are to familiarize students with operating systems,
The file system hierarchy in Linux is organized with the root directory "/" at the top. Key directories include /bin and /sbin for essential binaries, /boot for boot files, /dev for device files, /etc for configuration files, /home for user directories, /lib for shared library files, /opt for optional application software, /tmp for temporary files, /usr for secondary hierarchy, and /var for files that frequently change like logs. Unlike Windows, Linux has a unified hierarchy without drive letters and uses forward slashes rather than backslashes.
This document provides an overview and introduction to the hardware, software, and file structure of the EduBook device. It discusses the hardware components, how to open the case and access internal parts. It then summarizes the available operating systems, describes the Linux file structure and key directories. The document outlines software options like browsers and office applications that are preinstalled. It concludes with some tips on software issues, advanced options for running Windows programs in Wine, and contact information.
The document discusses how to install, configure and uninstall Linux operating systems, covering topics such as partitioning disks, installing software packages, setting up user accounts, basic and advanced command line instructions, and configuring hardware settings during the Linux installation process. It also provides instructions for removing Linux from a system by overwriting the master boot record with zeros using DD or DEBUG commands to restore the hard drive to a virgin state.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
17. If yours is among them, change the settings so that the CD-ROM is checked first. This is often in a 'BIOS FEATURES' submenu of the BIOS configuration menus.
18. Then insert the installation CD-ROM. Reboot. You're started.
19. If you have a SCSI CDROM you can often still boot from it, but it gets a little more motherboard/BIOS dependent. Those who know enough to spend the extra dollars on a SCSI CDROM drive probably know enough to figure it out.
25. A number of bootdisk images (often in a subdirectory). If your CD-ROM is not bootable, one of these is the file that you will write to a floppy to create the boot disk. You'll select one of the above bootdisk images, depending on the type of hardware that you have in your system.
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27. A rescue disk image. This is a disk containing a basic kernel and tools for disaster recovery in case something trashes the kernel or boot block of your hard disk.
28. RAWRITE.EXE. This is an MS-DOS program that will write the contents of a file (such as a bootdisk image) directly to a floppy, without regard to format.
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30. The CD-ROM itself. The purpose of the boot disk is to get your machine ready to load the root or installation disks, which in turn are just devices for preparing your hard disk and copying portions of the CD-ROM to it. If your CD-ROM is bootable, you can boot it and skip right to preparing your disk.
48. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS mkdir - make directories Usage mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY Create the DIRECTORY(ies), if they do not already exist. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -m, mode=MODE set permission mode (as in chmod), not rwxrwxrwx - umask -p, parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed -v, verbose print a message for each created directory -help display this help and exit -version output version information and exit
49. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS cd - change directories Use cd to change directories. Type cd followed by the name of a directory to access that directory. Keep in mind that you are always in a directory and can navigate to directories hierarchically above. or below. mv- change the name of a directory Type mv followed by the current name of a directory and the new name of the directory. Ex: mv testdir newnamedir pwd - print working directory will show you the full path to the directory you are currently in.This is very handy to use, especially when performing some of the other commands on this page rmdir - Remove an existing directory rm -r Removes directories and files within the directories recursively. chown - change file owner and group Usage
50. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS chown - change file owner and group Usage chown [OPTION] OWNER[:[GROUP]] FILE chown [OPTION] :GROUP FILE chown [OPTION] --reference=RFILE FILE Options Change the owner and/or group of each FILE to OWNER and/or GROUP. With --reference, change the owner and group of each FILE to those of RFILE. -c, changes like verbose but report only when a change is made -dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic link itself -h, no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced file (useful only on systems that can change the ownership of a symlink) -from=CURRENT_OWNER:CURRENT_GROUP change the owner and/or group of each file only if its current owner and/or group match those specified here. Either may be omitted, in which case a match is not required for the omitted attributes
51. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS -no-preserve-root do not treat `/' specially (the default) -preserve-root fail to operate recursively on `/' -f, -silent, -quiet suppress most error messages -reference=RFILE use RFILE's owner and group rather than the specifying OWNER:GROUP values -R, -recursive operate on files and directories recursively -v, -verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final one takes effect. -H if a command line argument is a symbolic link to a directory, traverse it -L traverse every symbolic link to a directory encountered -P do not traverse any symbolic links (default) chmod - change file access permissions Usage chmod [-r] permissions filenames r Change the permission on files that are in the subdirectories of the directory that you are currently in. permission Specifies the rights that are being granted. Below is the different rights that you can grant in an alpha numeric format.filenames File or directory that you are associating the rights with Permissions u - User who owns the file. g - Group that owns the file.
52. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS o - Other. a - All. r - Read the file. w - Write or edit the file. x - Execute or run the file as a program. Numeric Permissions: CHMOD can also to attributed by using Numeric Permissions: 400 read by owner 040 read by group 004 read by anybody (other) 200 write by owner 020 write by group 002 write by anybody 100 execute by owner 010 execute by group 001 execute by anybody ls - Short listing of directory contents -a list hidden files -d list the name of the current directory
53. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS -F show directories with a trailing '/' executable files with a trailing '*' -g show group ownership of file in long listing -i print the inode number of each file -l long listing giving details about files and directories -R list all subdirectories encountered -t sort by time modified instead of name cp - Copy files cp myfile yourfile Copy the files "myfile" to the file "yourfile" in the current working directory. This command will create the file "yourfile" if it doesn't exist. It will normally overwrite it without warning if it exists. cp -i myfile yourfile With the "-i" option, if the file "yourfile" exists, you will be prompted before it is overwritten. cp -i /data/myfile Copy the file "/data/myfile" to the current working directory and name it "myfile". Prompt before overwriting the file. cp -dpr srcdir destdir Copy all files from the directory "srcdir" to the directory "destdir" preserving links (-poption), file attributes (-p option), and copy recursively (-r option). With these options, a directory and all it contents can be copied to another dir
54. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS ln - Creates a symbolic link to a file. ln -s test symlink Creates a symbolic link named symlink that points to the file test Typing "ls -i test symlink" will show the two files are different with different inodes. Typing "ls -l test symlink" will show that symlink points to the file test. locate - A fast database driven file locator. slocate -u This command builds the slocate database. It will take several minutes to complete this command.This command must be used before searching for files, however cron runs this command periodically on most systems.locate whereis Lists all files whose names contain the string "whereis". directory. more - Allows file contents or piped output to be sent to the screen one page at a time less - Opposite of the more command cat - Sends file contents to standard output. This is a way to list the contents of short files to the screen. It works well with piping. whereis - Report all known instances of a command wc - Print byte, word, and line counts. bg: bg jobs Places the current job (or, by using the alternative form, the specified jobs) in the background, suspending its execution so that a new user prompt appears immediately. Use the jobs command to discover the identities of background jobs.
55. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS cal month year - Prints a calendar for the specified month of the specified year. cat files - Prints the contents of the specified files. clear - Clears the terminal screen. cmp file1 file2 - Compares two files, reporting all discrepancies. Similar to the diff command, though the output format differs. diff file1 file2 - Compares two files, reporting all discrepancies. Similar to the cmp command, though the output format differs. dmesg - Prints the messages resulting from the most recent system Boot. fg fg jobs - Brings the current job (or the specified jobs) to the foreground. file files - Determines and prints a description of the type of each specified file. find path -name pattern -print Searches the specified path for files with names matching the specified pattern (usually enclosed in single quotes) and prints their names. The find command has many other arguments and functions; see the online documentation. finger users - Prints descriptions of the specified users. free - Displays the amount of used and free system memory. ftp hostname Opens an FTP connection to the specified host, allowing files to be transferred. The FTP program provides subcommands for accomplishing file transfers; see the online documentation.
56. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS head files - Prints the first several lines of each specified file. ispell files - Checks the spelling of the contents of the specified files. kill process_ids kill - signal process_ids kill -l Kills the specified processes, sends the specified processes the specified signal (given as a number or name), or prints a list of available signals. killall program killall - signal program Kills all processes that are instances of the specified program or sends the specified signal to all processes that are instances of the specified program. mail - Launches a simple mail client that permits sending and receiving email messages. man title man section title - Prints the specified man page. ping host - Sends an echo request via TCP/IP to the specified host. A response confirms that the host is operational. reboot - Reboots the system (requires root privileges). shutdown minutes shutdown -r minutes Shuts down the system after the specified number of minutes elapses (requires root privileges). The -r option causes the system to be rebooted once it has shut down. sleep time - Causes the command interpreter to pause for the specified number of seconds.
57. BASIC LINUX COMMANDS sort files - Sorts the specified files. The command has many useful arguments; see the online documentation. split file - Splits a file into several smaller files. The command has many arguments; see the online documentation sync - Completes all pending input/output operations (requires root privileges). telnet host - Opens a login session on the specified host. top - Prints a display of system processes that's continually updated until the user presses the q key. traceroute host - Uses echo requests to determine and print a network path to the host. uptime - Prints the system uptime. w - Prints the current system users. wall - Prints a message to each user except those who've disabled message reception. Type Ctrl-D to end the message.
58. ADVANCE LINUX COMMAND This page contains commands that are not essential for newbies but can be fun and/or very productive if you take the time to learn them. Above all, they can be very educational--linux is a great learning platform. There are thousands of free programs available on Linux, but some of them may be missing on your system, depending on your distribution. You can always find the hompage with google, and then download them. banner /usr/games/banner -w79 "Happy Birthday, Marie" > marie.txt Create an ascii "banner" with the width of 79 characters. The output is sent to file marie.txt. script Log my current session in the text terminal into a text file typescript (the default filename). The log finishes when I type exit or press <Ctrl>d. emacs (in X-terminal) The emacs text editor. Advanced and sophisticated text editor. Seems for gurus only: "emacs is not just an editor, it is a way of living". Emacs surely seems rich or bloated, depending on your point of view. There are likely 3 versions of emacs installed on your system: (1) text-only: type emacs in a text (not X-windows) terminal (I avoid this like fire); (2) graphical-mode: type emacs in an X-windows terminal (fairly usable even for a newbie if you take some time to learn it); and (3) X-windows mode: type "xemacs" in an X-windows terminal. nano This is a brand new (March 2001) GNU replacement for pico. Works and looks like pico, but it is smaller, better, and licenced as expected for a decent piece of Linux software (i.e., General Public Licence, GPL). Not included with RH7.0 or MDK7.2, but expect it soon.
59. ADVANCE LINUX COMMAND khexedit (in X terminal) Simple hexadecimal editor. Another hexadecimal editor is hexedit (text based, less user friendly). Hex editors are used for editing binary (non-ASCII) files. diff file1 file2 > patchfile Compare contents of two files and list any differences. Save the output to the file patchfile. sdiff file1 file2 Side-by-side comparison of two text files. Output goes to the "standard output" which normally is the screen. patch file_to_patch patchfile Apply the patch (a file produced by diff, which lists differences between two files) called patchfile to the file file_to_patch. If the patch was created using the previous command, I would use: patch file1 patchfile to change file1 to file2. Regular expression(regexpr) Sed Gaw k cvs Concurrent versions system. Try: info cvs for more information. Useful to keep the "source code repository" when several programmers are working on the same computer program. cervisia (in X-terminal). A GUI front-end to the cvs versioning system.
60. ADVANCE LINUX COMMAND file -z filename Determine the type of the file filename. The option -z makes file look also inside compressed files to determine what the compressed file is (instead of just telling you that this is a compressed file). To determine the type of content, file looks inside the file to find particular patterns in contents ("magic numbers")--it does not just look at the filename extension like MS Windows does. The "magic numbers" are stored in the text file /usr/share/magic--really impressive database of filetypes. Touch file name strings filename | more Display the strings contained in the binary file called filename. "strings" could, for example, be a useful first step to a close examination of an unknown executable. wc (=word count) Print the number of lines, words, and bytes in the file. Examples: dir | wc cat my_file | wc wc myfil od
61.
62. ADVANCE LINUX COMMAND cksum filename Compute the CRC (="cyclic redundancy check") for file filename to verify its integrity. md5sum filename Compute a md5 checksum (128-bit) for file filename to verify its integrity. mkpasswd -l 10 Make a hard-to-guess, random password of the length of 10 characters. sort -f filename Arrange the lines in filename according to the ascii order. The option -f tells sort to ignore the upper and lower character case. The ascii character set is (see man ascii): Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char Dec Hex Char uniq (=unique) Eliminate duplicate lines in sorted input. Example: sort myfile | uniq fold -w 30 -s my_file.txt > new_file.txt Wrap the lines in the text file my_file.txt so that there is 30 characters per line. Break the lines on spaces. Output goes to new_file.txt.
63. LINUX SET UP Linux : Setup as DNS Client / Name Server IP Address Many new Linux user finds it difficult to setup / modify new name server address (NS1 / NS2). Local name resolution is done via /etc/hosts file. If you have small network, use /etc/hosts file. DNS (domain name service is accountable for associating domain names with ip address, for example domain yahoo.com is easy to remember than IP address 202.66.66.12) provides better name resolution. To configure Linux as DNS client you need to edit or modify /etc/resolv.conf file. This file defines which name servers to use. You want to setup Linux to browse net or run network services like www or smtp; then you need to point out to correct ISP DNS servers: /etc/resolv.conf file In Linux and Unix like computer operating systems, the /etc/resolv.conf configuration file contains information that allows a computer connected to the Internet to convert alpha-numeric names into the numeric IP addresses that are required for access to external network resources on the Internet. The process of converting domain names to IP addresses is called "resolving." The resolv.conf file typically contains the IP addresses of nameservers (DNS name resolvers) that attempt to translate names into addresses for any node available on the network.
64. LINUX SET UP Setup DNS Name resolution Steps to configure Linux as DNS client, first login as a root user (use su command): Step # 1: Open /etc/resolv.conf file: # vi /etc/resolv.conf Step #2: Add your ISP nameserver as follows: search isp.com nameserver 202.54.1.110 nameserver 202.54.1.112 nameserver 202.54.1.115 Note Max. three nameserver can be used/defined at a time. Step # 3:Test setup nslookup or dig command: $ dig www.nixcraft.com $ nslookup www.nixcraft.com